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NAICS 2022

316

Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing

Analysis

NAICS 316 is the 2022 subsector for leather and allied product manufacturing. Census lists 268 example activities under it in the official index.

County Business Patterns counts 986 US establishments in this code in 2023, employing 22,970 people at an average annual payroll of $45,182 per employee (13th percentile of national industries). 48% of the establishments have fewer than five employees, which is close to the national mix.

Between 2018 and 2023 the number of establishments fell 15% and employment fell 11%. The 2018 count used NAICS 2017, so part of a large move can come from codes being redefined rather than from businesses opening or closing.

Across its national industries Census lists 268 index entries; typical ones are bag leather manufacturing, arctics, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper… and aprons for textile machinery, leather, manufacturing.

Its goods appear in 530 statistical lines of the US tariff schedule, mostly under headings 6404 (footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather or…), 6402 (other footwear with outer soles and uppers of rubber or…) and 6403 (footwear with outer soles of rubber, plastics, leather or…). That link is how import data is matched to domestic producers, for example in trade-remedy cases.

It splits into 3 more detailed codes. The largest by establishments is 3169 (Other Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing) with 633.

Official definition

Establishments in the Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing subsector transform hides into leather by tanning or curing and fabricating the leather into products for final consumption. This subsector also includes the manufacture of similar products from other materials, including products (except apparel) made from "leather substitutes," such as rubber, plastics, or textiles. Rubber footwear, textile luggage, and plastics purses or wallets are examples of "leather substitute" products included in this subsector. The products made from leather substitutes are included in this subsector because they are made in similar ways leather products are made (e.g., luggage). They are made in the same establishments, so it is not practical to separate them.

The inclusion of leather and hide tanning and finishing in this subsector is partly because it is a relatively small industry that has few close neighbors as a production process, partly because leather is an input to some of the other products classified in this subsector, and partly for historical reasons.

Source: US Census Bureau, NAICS 2022 Manual.

Index entries (268)

  • Bag leather manufacturing
  • Arctics, plastics or plastics soled fabric upper, manufacturing
  • Aprons for textile machinery, leather, manufacturing