Analysis
NAICS 325411 is the 2022 national industry for medicinal and botanical manufacturing, part of 32541 (Pharmaceutical and Medicine Manufacturing). Census lists 60 example activities under it in the official index.
Between 2018 and 2023 the number of establishments grew 39% and employment rose 9%. The 2018 count used NAICS 2017, so part of a large move can come from codes being redefined rather than from businesses opening or closing.
County Business Patterns counts 761 US establishments in this code in 2023, employing 30,382 people at an average annual payroll of $77,394 per employee (65th percentile of national industries). 36% of the establishments have fewer than five employees, which is close to the national mix.
Its index entries, the activities Census uses to assign businesses to this code, include acetylsalicylic acid manufacturing, adrenal derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing, agar-agar manufacturing and amphetamines, uncompounded, manufacturing, among 60 in all.
Its goods appear in 72 statistical lines of the US tariff schedule, mostly under headings 2936 (provitamins and vitamins, natural or reproduced by…), 2933 (heterocyclic compounds with nitrogen hetero-atom(s) only) and 2939 (alkaloids, natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their…). That link is how import data is matched to domestic producers, for example in trade-remedy cases.
For example, manufacturing packaged compounded medicinals and botanicals are classified in 325412 (Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing) instead.
Official definition
This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in (1) manufacturing uncompounded medicinal chemicals and their derivatives (i.e., generally for use by pharmaceutical preparation manufacturers) and/or (2) grading, grinding, and milling uncompounded botanicals.
Source: US Census Bureau, NAICS 2022 Manual.
Not this code if…
| The business mainly does | Use instead |
|---|---|
| Manufacturing packaged compounded medicinals and botanicals | 325412 Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing |
| Manufacturing vaccines, toxoids, blood fractions, and culture media of plant or animal origin (except for diagnostic use) | 325414 Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing |
Index entries (60)
- Acetylsalicylic acid manufacturing
- Adrenal derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Agar-agar manufacturing
- Amphetamines, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Anesthetics, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Antibiotics, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Anticholinergics, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Anticonvulsants, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Antidepressants, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Ascorbic acid (i.e., vitamin C), uncompounded, manufacturing
- Atropine and derivatives manufacturing
- Barbiturates, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Barbituric acid manufacturing
- Brucine manufacturing
- Caffeine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
- Cephalosporin, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Cinchona and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
- Cocaine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
- Cod liver oil, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Codeine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
- Concentrated medicinal chemicals, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Cortisone, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Dietary supplements, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Digitoxin, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Endocrine products, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Enzyme proteins (i.e., basic synthetic chemicals), pharmaceutical use, manufacturing
- Ephedrine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
- Ergot alkaloids (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing
- Fish liver oils, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Glandular derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Glycosides, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Grinding and milling botanicals (i.e., for medicinal or dietary supplement use)
- Herbal supplements, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Hormones and derivatives, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Hypnotic drugs, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Insulin, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Magnesia, medicinal, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Medicinal chemicals, uncompounded, manufacturing
- Medicinal gelatins manufacturing
- Morphine and derivatives (i.e., basic chemicals) manufacturing