Analysis
NAICS 3118 is the 2022 industry group for bakeries and tortilla manufacturing, part of 311 (Food Manufacturing). Census lists 65 example activities under it in the official index.
Between 2018 and 2023 the number of establishments grew 19% and employment rose 8%. The 2018 count used NAICS 2017, so part of a large move can come from codes being redefined rather than from businesses opening or closing.
County Business Patterns counts 13,577 US establishments in this code in 2023, employing 318,225 people at an average annual payroll of $46,744 per employee (14th percentile of national industries). 43% of the establishments have fewer than five employees, which is close to the national mix.
By establishments it ranks 1st of the 9 codes at this level within Food Manufacturing, with 43.6% of them.
Across its national industries Census lists 65 index entries; typical ones are bakeries with baking from flour on the premises, retailing…, bagels made in commercial bakeries, baked goods (except bread, bread-type rolls), frozen… and bakery products, dry (e.g., biscuits, cookies, crackers)….
Its goods appear in 25 statistical lines of the US tariff schedule, mostly under headings 1901 (malt extract; food preparations of flour, groats, meal…) and 1902 (pasta, whether or not cooked or stuffed (with meat or other…). That link is how import data is matched to domestic producers, for example in trade-remedy cases.
Official definition
This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) manufacturing fresh and frozen bread and other bakery products; (2) retailing bread and other bakery products not for immediate consumption made on the premises from flour, not from prepared dough; (3) manufacturing cookies, crackers, and dry pasta; (4) manufacturing prepared flour mixes or dough from flour ground elsewhere; or (5) manufacturing tortillas.
Source: US Census Bureau, NAICS 2022 Manual.
Index entries (65)
- Bakeries with baking from flour on the premises, retailing not for immediate consumption
- Bagels made in commercial bakeries
- Baked goods (except bread, bread-type rolls), frozen, manufacturing
- Bakery products, dry (e.g., biscuits, cookies, crackers), manufacturing
- Batters, prepared, made from purchased flour
- Tortillas manufacturing