Analysis
NAICS 31182 is the 2022 NAICS industry for cookie, cracker, and pasta manufacturing, part of 3118 (Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing). Census lists 32 example activities under it in the official index.
County Business Patterns counts 851 US establishments in this code in 2023, employing 58,388 people at an average annual payroll of $56,852 per employee (27th percentile of national industries). 28% of the establishments have fewer than five employees, which is close to the national mix.
Census lists 9 related activities that belong elsewhere, most often in 72251, 44529, 31181 and 31121. Businesses that do several things are classified by their primary activity, the one that generates the most value, so check those boundaries before settling on this code.
Between 2018 and 2023 the number of establishments grew 11% and employment rose 12%. The 2018 count used NAICS 2017, so part of a large move can come from codes being redefined rather than from businesses opening or closing.
Across its national industries Census lists 32 index entries; typical ones are bakery products, dry (e.g., biscuits, cookies, crackers)… and batters, prepared, made from purchased flour.
Its goods appear in 25 statistical lines of the US tariff schedule, mostly under headings 1901 (malt extract; food preparations of flour, groats, meal…) and 1902 (pasta, whether or not cooked or stuffed (with meat or other…). That link is how import data is matched to domestic producers, for example in trade-remedy cases.
Official definition
This industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in one of the following: (1) manufacturing cookies and crackers; (2) preparing flour and dough mixes and dough from flour ground elsewhere; and (3) manufacturing dry pasta. The establishments in this industry may package the dry pasta they manufacture with other ingredients.
Source: US Census Bureau, NAICS 2022 Manual.
Not this code if…
| The business mainly does | Use instead |
|---|---|
| Preparing and selling bakery products (e.g., cookies, pretzels) for immediate consumption | 72251 Restaurants and Other Eating Places |
| Retailing bakery products not for immediate consumption made elsewhere | 44529 Other Specialty Food Retailers |
| Manufacturing bakery products (e.g., bread, cookies, pies) | 31181 Bread and Bakery Product Manufacturing |
| Milling flour and preparing flour mixes or doughs | 31121 Flour Milling and Malt Manufacturing |
| Manufacturing fresh pasta | 31199 All Other Food Manufacturing |
| Manufacturing pasta specialties | 3114 Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing |
| Manufacturing pretzels (except soft) | 31191 Snack Food Manufacturing |
| Mixing purchased dried and/or dehydrated ingredients with purchased dry pasta | 31199 All Other Food Manufacturing |
| Drying and/or dehydrating ingredients and packaging them with purchased dry pasta | 31142 Fruit and Vegetable Canning, Pickling, and Drying |
Index entries (32)
- Bakery products, dry (e.g., biscuits, cookies, crackers), manufacturing
- Batters, prepared, made from purchased flour